Malaria remains a key target for infectious disease prevention, particularly with resistance to common antimalarial drugs on the uptick.1 However, a broadly effective vaccine for the deadly disease has remained elusive. Now, in a Nature Immunology paper, researchers reported a new mRNA vaccine that induced a tailored immune response in the livers of mice via the activation of liver-specific tissue resident memory T cells (Trm cells), which control early stages of infection and prevent illness.2 With further development, the vaccine could level the playing field in the fight against malaria.
Researchers developed previous malaria vaccines such as RTS,S/AS01 based on a peptide subunit approach; these have only been mildly effective.3 “With RTS,S/AS01, they’re only targeting the window between infection and the transition of those parasites from the skin to the liver. It’s an incredibly short period of time: about two to three hours,” said Lauren Holz, a microbiologist and immunologist from the University of Melbourne and coauthor of the current study.
Holz and her colleagues were inspired by the success of mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. “By using an mRNA-based vaccine, you can encode an entire protein. That means you can expand the epitope range that your Trm cells are targeting,” Holz remarked.
See also “Malaria Parasites Sync with Hosts’ Molecular Rhythms“
The team developed a novel vaccine that contains an mRNA sequence for ribosomal protein L6 (RPL6), a highly conserved Plasmodium protein. This protein is expressed consistently while the parasites are incubating inside the liver; in humans, this duration is about one week.
Liver Trm cells, which the authors found to be responsible for defense against malaria infection in a previous study, are critical for the efficacy of the vaccine.4 With the inclusion of a chemically-modified glycolipid adjuvant, α-galactosylceramide (αGC), the mRNA vaccine causes a small amount of inflammation in the liver that subsequently elicits a robust immune response from the Trm cells. “Originally, we were using [αGC] in cancer research because of the type of immune response it stimulates; it really activates the antigen-presenting cells to make T cell responses. It was really serendipitous that it worked so well in the liver,” said chemist and coauthor Gavin Painter, from the Victoria University of Wellington.
The researchers tested the vaccine along with other available malaria vaccines in mice. Animals treated with the mRNA vaccine had significantly increased liver Trm cell accumulation and were able to resist infection with sporozoites, which drive the early stages of Plasmodium infection. Importantly, the new vaccine was effective even in animals with prior malaria infection, an obstacle that other vaccines failed to overcome.
See also “In Vitro Malaria Sporozoite Production May Lead to Cheaper Vaccines“
Malaria immunology and vaccinology expert Patrick Duffy of the National Institute of Health, who did not contribute to the study, is enthusiastic about the potential of this new vaccine in malaria prevention. “It’s the combination of bringing mRNA vaccines into the malaria field and how this can be tailored to the specific kind of response that is needed for this particular type of vaccine,” Duffy commented. “It is very exciting and clever that they married these two different approaches.”
References
- Plowe CV. Malaria chemoprevention and drug resistance: a review of the literature and policy implications. Malar J. 2022;21(1):104.
- Ganley M, et al. mRNA vaccine against malaria tailored for liver-resident memory T cells. Nat Immunol. 2023;24(9):1487-1498.
- Laurens MB. RTS,S/AS01 vaccine (MosquirixTM): an overview. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16(3):480-489.
- Fernandez-Ruiz D, et al. Liver-resident memory CD8+ T cells form a front-line defense against malaria liver-stage infection.
https://football-quiz-eg.com/%d9%83%d9%88%d9%84%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%ab-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%b1/
https://football-player-eg.com/
https://yalla-german.com/category/%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa/
الشمال يهزم الوكرة ويحسم المركز السادس – european football | كرة القدم الأوروبية
https://football-today-eg.com/d8aad8b4d983d98ad984-d8a8d8b1d8b4d984d988d986d8a9-d8a3d985d8a7d985-d8b1d98ad8a7d984-d985d8a7d98ad988d8b1d983d8a7-d981d98a-d8a7d984d8af/
Excellent goods from you, man. I have understand your
stuff previous to and you’re just too wonderful.
I really like what you have acquired here, really like what you’re stating and
the way in which you say it. You make it enjoyable and you still care for to keep it sensible.
I can’t wait to read much more from you. This is actually a tremendous web
site.
Thank you, I’ve recently been searching for info approximately
this topic for ages and yours is the best I have came upon so far.
But, what in regards to the conclusion? Are you certain in regards to the source?
It’s remarkable designed for me to have a website, which is valuable in support of my know-how.
thanks admin
I have read so many posts regarding the blogger lovers however this piece of writing is genuinely a pleasant paragraph, keep it up.
The other day, while I was at work, my cousin stole my apple ipad and tested to see if it can survive a thirty
foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My iPad is now broken and
she has 83 views. I know this is entirely off topic but I had to share it with someone!
Pretty element of content. I simply stumbled upon your
site and in accession capital to say that I get actually enjoyed account your
weblog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing to your augment or even I fulfillment you get right of entry to consistently
rapidly.
Excellent site you have here but I was wondering if you knew of any user discussion forums that cover the
same topics talked about here? I’d really love to be a part of group where I
can get feed-back from other knowledgeable people that
share the same interest. If you have any recommendations, please let me know.
Kudos!
What’s Taking place i am new to this, I stumbled upon this I’ve discovered It absolutely useful
and it has helped me out loads. I am hoping to contribute & assist different
users like its helped me. Good job.
For latest information you have to visit the web and on world-wide-web I found this web site as a
finest site for most up-to-date updates.
Hi, i think that i saw you visited my web site thus i came
to “return the favor”.I’m attempting to find things to improve
my site!I suppose its ok to use some of your ideas!!
My brother suggested I may like this web site.
He was totally right. This post truly made my day.
You can not imagine just how so much time I had spent for this information!
Thanks!
I every time emailed this website post page to all my contacts, for the reason that
if like to read it then my friends will too.
Hey there! This is my 1st comment here so I just wanted to give a
quick shout out and tell you I truly enjoy reading through your posts.
Can you suggest any other blogs/websites/forums that cover the same topics?
Thank you so much!
I like the helpful info you provide in your articles. I’ll bookmark your
blog and test once more right here frequently.
I’m moderately certain I’ll be told plenty of new stuff proper
right here! Best of luck for the following!
Hello there, just became alert to your blog through Google, and found that
it is really informative. I’m gonna watch out for brussels.
I’ll be grateful if you continue this in future. A lot of people
will be benefited from your writing. Cheers!
This paragraph will assist the internet viewers for building up new blog or even a blog from
start to end.
I loved as much as you’ll receive carried out right here.
The sketch is tasteful, your authored material stylish. nonetheless, you command get
got an shakiness over that you wish be delivering the following.
unwell unquestionably come further formerly again as exactly the same nearly a lot often inside case you shield this hike.
That is very fascinating, You are an overly skilled blogger.
I have joined your rss feed and look forward to looking for more of your excellent post.
Also, I’ve shared your website in my social networks
Hi it’s me, I am also visiting this web page daily, this web page is actually nice
and the users are in fact sharing nice thoughts.
Hi there to every one, the contents existing at this website are truly amazing for people experience, well, keep up the nice work fellows.|
It’s perfect time to make a few plans for the future and it is time to be
happy. I have read this publish and if I could I wish to suggest you some attention-grabbing things or suggestions.
Perhaps you can write next articles relating to this article.
I wish to read even more issues about it!
WOW just what I was looking for. Came here by searching for 580bet
Thank you for the good writeup. It in fact was a amusement account
it. Look advanced to far added agreeable from you! However,
how could we communicate?
Its such as you read my thoughts! You seem to understand a
lot about this, such as you wrote the e-book in it or something.
I think that you simply could do with a few percent to power the message home a bit, but other than that, that is fantastic blog.
A great read. I will definitely be back.
Hurrah, that’s what I was seeking for, what a stuff!
present here at this web site, thanks admin of this website.
What’s up, the whole thing is going perfectly here and ofcourse every one is sharing
information, that’s truly fine, keep up writing.
Hello! I realize this is sort of off-topic but I had to ask.
Does running a well-established website like
yours take a massive amount work? I’m completely new to operating a blog
but I do write in my journal daily. I’d like to start a blog so I can easily share my experience and views online.
Please let me know if you have any ideas or tips for
brand new aspiring blog owners. Thankyou!
This information is invaluable. When can I find out more?
Heya i’m for the first time here. I came across this board and I
find It really useful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to give something back and help others like you aided me.
I’m gone to convey my little brother, that he
should also visit this weblog on regular basis to get updated from hottest news
update.
Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point.
You clearly know what youre talking about, why waste your
intelligence on just posting videos to your site when you could be giving us something informative to read?
Hi to all, the contents existing at this website are really amazing for people experience, well, keep up the good work fellows.|
Thanks very interesting blog!
Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point.
You clearly know what youre talking about, why throw away your intelligence on just posting
videos to your weblog when you could be giving us something enlightening
to read?
I got this web page from my friend who told me about this website and now this time I am
visiting this website and reading very informative
posts at this place.
I am not positive the place you’re getting your
information, however great topic. I needs to spend some time studying more or working out more.
Thank you for great info I used to be in search of
this info for my mission.
Hello There. I found your blog using msn. This is
an extremely well written article. I’ll be sure to bookmark it and come back to read more of your useful info.
Thanks for the post. I will certainly comeback.
With havin so much content and articles do
you ever run into any problems of plagorism or copyright infringement?
My site has a lot of unique content I’ve either authored myself or
outsourced but it seems a lot of it is popping it up all over
the web without my agreement. Do you know any techniques to help protect
against content from being ripped off? I’d really appreciate it.
Howdy! This blog post couldn’t be written much better!
Reading through this article reminds me of my previous roommate!
He always kept talking about this. I am going to send this information to
him. Pretty sure he’ll have a great read. I appreciate you for sharing!
A motivating discussion is definitely worth comment. There’s no doubt that that you should publish more on this subject matter, it might not be a taboo matter but usually people don’t talk about
these issues. To the next! Many thanks!!
That is a good tip particularly to those fresh to the blogosphere.
Short but very precise information… Appreciate your sharing this one.
A must read article!
This is my first time visit at here and i am in fact pleassant to read all
at one place.
I was able to find good advice from your blog posts.
Please let me know if you’re looking for a article writer for your weblog.
You have some really good posts and I believe I
would be a good asset. If you ever want to take some of the load
off, I’d absolutely love to write some articles for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine.
Please shoot me an e-mail if interested. Cheers!
Hi there! I know this is somewhat off topic but I
was wondering if you knew where I could locate a captcha plugin for my comment form?
I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m
having difficulty finding one? Thanks a lot!
Hello there! I just wish to offer you a huge thumbs up for your excellent information you have got here on this post.
I’ll be coming back to your website for more soon.